1 00:00:05,090 --> 00:00:07,144 What is the cost of lies? 2 00:00:08,760 --> 00:00:10,078 _ 3 00:00:10,081 --> 00:00:11,206 Who is to blame? 4 00:00:15,790 --> 00:00:17,454 It doesn't matter. 5 00:00:17,456 --> 00:00:18,915 It doesn't look right. 6 00:00:21,831 --> 00:00:22,956 We taste metal. 7 00:00:23,581 --> 00:00:25,748 I think there's graphite on the ground. 8 00:00:26,373 --> 00:00:27,848 You didn't see graphite. 9 00:00:27,851 --> 00:00:31,676 You didn't because it's not there! 10 00:00:33,748 --> 00:00:37,704 We seal off the city. Contain the spread of misinformation. 11 00:00:49,215 --> 00:00:51,788 Secretary Gorbachev has appointed a committee 12 00:00:51,790 --> 00:00:54,262 to manage the accident. You're on it. 13 00:01:29,670 --> 00:01:36,514 - Synced and corrected by VitoSilans - ... www.Addic7ed.com ... 14 00:01:59,162 --> 00:02:06,543 _ 15 00:02:13,718 --> 00:02:22,270 _ 16 00:02:39,373 --> 00:02:41,414 You work too hard. 17 00:02:42,706 --> 00:02:47,240 - Where is everyone? - Oh, they refused to come in. 18 00:02:47,243 --> 00:02:49,744 - Why? - It's Saturday. 19 00:02:53,039 --> 00:02:55,454 - Why did you come in? - I work too hard. 20 00:02:55,456 --> 00:02:57,247 It's boiling in here. 21 00:03:12,081 --> 00:03:14,380 Eight milliroentgen. A leak? 22 00:03:14,383 --> 00:03:15,633 No. 23 00:03:16,873 --> 00:03:19,454 It would've gone off before. It's coming from outside. 24 00:03:19,456 --> 00:03:21,081 The Americans? 25 00:04:01,831 --> 00:04:04,412 Iodine 131. 26 00:04:04,414 --> 00:04:08,329 It's not military. It's uranium decay, U-235. 27 00:04:08,331 --> 00:04:09,831 Reactor fuel? 28 00:04:12,373 --> 00:04:16,079 Ignalina. Maybe, uh, 240 kilometers away. 29 00:04:24,790 --> 00:04:26,663 Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk 30 00:04:26,665 --> 00:04:29,245 with the Institute of Nuclear En... 31 00:04:29,247 --> 00:04:30,995 Looking for...? 32 00:04:35,286 --> 00:04:38,204 - All right, stay calm. - Don't tell me to stay calm. 33 00:04:41,997 --> 00:04:44,871 They're at four. It's not them. 34 00:04:44,873 --> 00:04:47,799 - Who's the next closest? - It's Chernobyl, but that's not possible. 35 00:04:47,802 --> 00:04:49,329 They're 400 kilometers away. 36 00:04:49,331 --> 00:04:51,537 That's too far for eight milliroentgen. 37 00:04:51,539 --> 00:04:53,245 They'd have to be split open. 38 00:04:53,247 --> 00:04:55,454 Maybe they know something. 39 00:05:03,039 --> 00:05:05,746 - Iodine. - Could it be a waste dump? 40 00:05:05,748 --> 00:05:07,204 No. 41 00:05:07,206 --> 00:05:09,663 We'd be seeing other isotopes. 42 00:05:09,665 --> 00:05:13,026 Nuclear test? Uh, new kind of bomb? 43 00:05:13,029 --> 00:05:16,164 We'd have heard. That's what half our people work on here. 44 00:05:17,623 --> 00:05:22,454 Something with the space program like a satellite or...? 45 00:05:24,247 --> 00:05:26,373 No one's answering the phone. 46 00:05:46,498 --> 00:05:49,287 - Get everyone started on an IV. - We don't have enough. 47 00:05:49,289 --> 00:05:51,371 - All the children then. - But we don't have enough! 48 00:05:51,373 --> 00:05:52,871 As many as you can. 49 00:05:52,873 --> 00:05:57,162 - Where's the old man? - He's set up a burn ward in 16. 50 00:06:10,247 --> 00:06:11,913 What are you doing? What is that? 51 00:06:11,915 --> 00:06:14,120 Milk. It's milk. Much better than water. 52 00:06:14,122 --> 00:06:15,704 No, no, no. Stop. Stop! 53 00:06:15,706 --> 00:06:18,287 - What are you doing? - These are radiation burns! 54 00:06:18,289 --> 00:06:20,372 Their clothes are contaminated! 55 00:06:20,375 --> 00:06:21,875 Help me! 56 00:06:23,206 --> 00:06:24,746 Get it all off. 57 00:06:25,915 --> 00:06:27,956 We're taking it down to the basement. 58 00:06:30,873 --> 00:06:32,579 He was a firefighter from Chernobyl. 59 00:06:32,581 --> 00:06:34,204 Can you stop pushing, please? 60 00:06:36,122 --> 00:06:39,663 We have our orders! 61 00:06:39,665 --> 00:06:42,287 - Disperse! - Hey, there! Get him! 62 00:06:44,289 --> 00:06:46,788 Why you keeping us out here? 63 00:07:42,706 --> 00:07:44,537 Professor Legasov? 64 00:07:44,539 --> 00:07:46,029 Oh, no, not yet. 65 00:07:46,032 --> 00:07:48,663 They're finishing up some other business. It'll be a few more minutes. 66 00:07:48,665 --> 00:07:51,496 - Can I get you some tea? - No, I'm fine. Thank you. 67 00:07:51,498 --> 00:07:54,471 Would you care to read Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's report while you wait? 68 00:07:54,474 --> 00:07:56,164 Certainly. Thank you. 69 00:08:55,665 --> 00:08:57,748 All right, Professor. They're ready. 70 00:08:58,997 --> 00:09:00,790 Professor Legasov? 71 00:09:25,915 --> 00:09:27,904 You have my support. 72 00:09:34,208 --> 00:09:36,565 Thank you all for your duty to this commission. 73 00:09:36,568 --> 00:09:39,621 We will begin with Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's briefing, 74 00:09:39,623 --> 00:09:43,329 and then we will discuss next steps if necessary. 75 00:09:43,331 --> 00:09:45,287 Thank you, comrade General Secretary. 76 00:09:45,289 --> 00:09:49,496 I'm pleased to report that the situation in Chernobyl is stable. 77 00:09:49,498 --> 00:09:52,857 Military and civilian patrols have secured the region, 78 00:09:52,860 --> 00:09:55,204 and Colonel General Pikalov, 79 00:09:55,206 --> 00:09:58,120 who commands troops specializing in chemical hazards, 80 00:09:58,122 --> 00:10:00,245 has been dispatched to the plant. 81 00:10:00,247 --> 00:10:02,871 In terms of radiation, plant director Bryukhanov 82 00:10:02,873 --> 00:10:06,287 reports no more than 3.6 roentgen. 83 00:10:06,289 --> 00:10:08,846 I'm told it's the equivalent of a chest X-ray. 84 00:10:08,849 --> 00:10:11,829 So if you're overdue for a check-up... 85 00:10:11,831 --> 00:10:14,621 - And foreign press? - Totally unaware. 86 00:10:14,623 --> 00:10:17,329 KGB First Deputy Chairman Charkov assures me 87 00:10:17,331 --> 00:10:20,496 that we have successfully protected our security interests. 88 00:10:20,498 --> 00:10:22,954 Good. Very good. 89 00:10:22,956 --> 00:10:25,539 Well, it seems like it's well in hand, so... 90 00:10:26,706 --> 00:10:29,581 if there's nothing else, meeting adjourned. 91 00:10:30,539 --> 00:10:32,373 No! 92 00:10:34,039 --> 00:10:36,245 Pardon me? 93 00:10:36,247 --> 00:10:38,663 Uh, we can't adjourn. 94 00:10:38,665 --> 00:10:41,393 This is Professor Legasov of the Kurchatov Institute. 95 00:10:41,396 --> 00:10:43,079 Professor, if you have any concerns, 96 00:10:43,081 --> 00:10:45,162 feel free to address them with me later. 97 00:10:45,164 --> 00:10:49,079 I can't. I am sorry. I'm so sorry. 98 00:10:49,081 --> 00:10:52,204 Page three, the section on casualties. 99 00:10:52,206 --> 00:10:53,412 Uh... 100 00:10:53,414 --> 00:10:56,329 "A fireman was severely burned on his hand 101 00:10:56,331 --> 00:10:58,788 by a chunk of smooth, black mineral 102 00:10:58,790 --> 00:11:01,330 on the ground, outside the reactor building." 103 00:11:01,333 --> 00:11:03,371 Smooth, black mineral... graphite. 104 00:11:03,373 --> 00:11:06,081 There's-There's graphite on the ground. 105 00:11:08,247 --> 00:11:11,412 Well, there was a... a tank explosion. There's debris. 106 00:11:11,414 --> 00:11:14,371 - Of what importance...? - There's only one place in the entire facility 107 00:11:14,373 --> 00:11:17,663 where you will find graphite: inside the core. 108 00:11:17,665 --> 00:11:19,412 If there's graphite on the ground outside, 109 00:11:19,414 --> 00:11:21,799 it means it wasn't a control system tank that exploded. 110 00:11:21,802 --> 00:11:24,206 - It was the reactor core. - It's open! 111 00:11:27,414 --> 00:11:30,079 Um, Comrade Shcherbina? 112 00:11:30,081 --> 00:11:32,193 Comrade General Secretary, I can assure you 113 00:11:32,196 --> 00:11:34,120 that Professor Legasov is mistaken. 114 00:11:34,122 --> 00:11:36,579 Bryukhanov reports that the reactor core is intact. 115 00:11:36,581 --> 00:11:39,079 - And as for the radiation... - Yes, 3.6 roentgen, 116 00:11:39,081 --> 00:11:41,829 which, by the way, is not the equivalent of one chest X-ray, 117 00:11:41,831 --> 00:11:44,162 but rather 400 chest X-rays. 118 00:11:44,164 --> 00:11:46,862 That number's been bothering me for a different reason, though. 119 00:11:46,865 --> 00:11:50,537 It's also the maximum reading on low-limit dosimeters. 120 00:11:50,539 --> 00:11:53,371 They gave us the number they had. 121 00:11:53,373 --> 00:11:56,204 I think the true number is much, much higher. 122 00:11:56,206 --> 00:11:58,995 If I'm right, this fireman was holding the equivalent 123 00:11:58,997 --> 00:12:01,120 of four million chest X-rays in his hand. 124 00:12:01,122 --> 00:12:03,579 Professor Legasov, there's no place for alarmist hysteria... 125 00:12:03,581 --> 00:12:05,427 It's not alarmist if it's a fact! 126 00:12:05,430 --> 00:12:08,995 Well, I don't hear any facts at all. 127 00:12:08,997 --> 00:12:11,621 All I hear is a man I don't know 128 00:12:11,623 --> 00:12:14,788 engaging in conjecture in direct contradiction 129 00:12:14,790 --> 00:12:16,995 to what has been reported by party officials. 130 00:12:16,997 --> 00:12:20,454 I'm, uh... I apologize. 131 00:12:20,456 --> 00:12:22,954 I didn't mean, uh... 132 00:12:22,956 --> 00:12:26,663 Please, may I express my concern 133 00:12:26,665 --> 00:12:30,174 as calmly and as respectfully as I... 134 00:12:30,177 --> 00:12:32,832 - Professor Legasov... - Boris. 135 00:12:33,873 --> 00:12:35,706 I will allow it. 136 00:12:44,537 --> 00:12:46,454 Um... 137 00:12:48,164 --> 00:12:51,037 An RBMK reactor 138 00:12:51,039 --> 00:12:55,329 uses uranium 235 as fuel. 139 00:12:55,331 --> 00:13:00,204 Every atom of U-235 is like a bullet 140 00:13:00,206 --> 00:13:02,412 traveling at nearly the speed of light, 141 00:13:02,414 --> 00:13:04,995 penetrating everything in its path: 142 00:13:04,997 --> 00:13:08,204 woods, metal, concrete, flesh. 143 00:13:08,206 --> 00:13:11,371 Every gram of U-235 holds 144 00:13:11,373 --> 00:13:14,583 over a billion trillion of these bullets. 145 00:13:14,586 --> 00:13:15,979 That's in one gram. 146 00:13:15,982 --> 00:13:19,245 Now, Chernobyl holds over three million grams, 147 00:13:19,247 --> 00:13:21,954 and right now, it is on fire. 148 00:13:21,956 --> 00:13:26,371 Winds will carry radioactive particles across the entire continent, 149 00:13:26,373 --> 00:13:28,371 rain will bring them down on us. 150 00:13:28,381 --> 00:13:31,737 That's three million billion trillion bullets 151 00:13:31,740 --> 00:13:35,579 in the... in the air we breathe, 152 00:13:35,581 --> 00:13:38,831 the water we drink, the food we eat. 153 00:13:40,498 --> 00:13:44,913 Most of these bullets will not stop firing for 100 years. 154 00:13:44,915 --> 00:13:48,287 Some of them, not for 50,000 years. 155 00:13:48,289 --> 00:13:52,079 Yes, and, uh, this concern 156 00:13:52,081 --> 00:13:56,247 stems entirely from the description of a rock? 157 00:14:00,539 --> 00:14:01,915 Yes. 158 00:14:04,059 --> 00:14:05,351 Hmm. 159 00:14:08,623 --> 00:14:10,414 Comrade Shcherbina... 160 00:14:11,456 --> 00:14:13,871 I want you to go to Chernobyl. 161 00:14:13,873 --> 00:14:16,079 You take a look at the reactor, you personally, 162 00:14:16,081 --> 00:14:17,995 and you report directly back to me. 163 00:14:17,997 --> 00:14:20,287 A wise decision, comrade General Secretary... 164 00:14:20,289 --> 00:14:22,873 And take Professor Legasov with you. 165 00:14:23,748 --> 00:14:25,162 Uh... 166 00:14:25,164 --> 00:14:28,371 Forgive me, comrade General Secretary, but I... 167 00:14:28,373 --> 00:14:30,748 Do you know how a nuclear reactor works? 168 00:14:32,790 --> 00:14:34,245 - No. - No. 169 00:14:34,247 --> 00:14:37,454 Well, then how will you know what you're looking at? 170 00:14:37,456 --> 00:14:39,498 Meeting adjourned. 171 00:15:38,539 --> 00:15:40,204 How does a nuclear reactor work? 172 00:15:40,206 --> 00:15:43,164 - What? - It's a simple question. 173 00:15:44,498 --> 00:15:46,412 It's hardly a simple answer. 174 00:15:46,414 --> 00:15:50,412 Of course, you presume I'm too stupid to understand. 175 00:15:50,414 --> 00:15:53,788 So I'll restate: Tell me how a nuclear reactor works, 176 00:15:53,790 --> 00:15:56,665 or I'll have one of these soldiers throw you out of the helicopter. 177 00:16:06,789 --> 00:16:10,703 A nuclear reactor makes electricity with steam. 178 00:16:10,706 --> 00:16:14,329 The steam turns a turbine which generates electricity. 179 00:16:14,331 --> 00:16:16,371 Where a typical power plant 180 00:16:16,373 --> 00:16:18,329 makes steam by burning coal, 181 00:16:18,331 --> 00:16:20,665 a nuclear plant... 182 00:16:25,831 --> 00:16:30,496 In a nuclear plant, we use something called fission. 183 00:16:30,498 --> 00:16:36,537 We take an unstable element like uranium 235, 184 00:16:36,539 --> 00:16:38,682 which has too many neutrons. 185 00:16:38,685 --> 00:16:41,414 - A neutron is, uh... - The bullet. 186 00:16:43,241 --> 00:16:45,033 Yes, the bullet. 187 00:16:46,039 --> 00:16:48,954 So, bullets are flying off of the uranium. 188 00:16:48,956 --> 00:16:50,371 Now... 189 00:16:50,373 --> 00:16:55,287 if we put enough uranium atoms close together, 190 00:16:55,289 --> 00:16:59,746 the bullets from one atom will eventually strike another atom. 191 00:16:59,748 --> 00:17:02,913 The force of this impact splits that atom apart, 192 00:17:02,915 --> 00:17:06,287 releasing a tremendous amount of energy, fission. 193 00:17:06,289 --> 00:17:09,120 - And the graphite? - Ah, yes. 194 00:17:09,122 --> 00:17:13,079 The neutrons are actually traveling so fast... we call this "flux"... 195 00:17:13,081 --> 00:17:17,954 it's relatively unlikely that the uranium atoms will ever hit one another. 196 00:17:17,956 --> 00:17:22,995 In RBMK reactors, we surround the fuel rods with graphite 197 00:17:22,997 --> 00:17:27,997 to moderate, slow down, the neutron flux. 198 00:17:31,221 --> 00:17:33,010 Good. 199 00:17:33,013 --> 00:17:36,055 I know how a nuclear reactor works. 200 00:17:37,729 --> 00:17:40,187 Now I don't need you. 201 00:17:58,665 --> 00:18:02,247 - Can you help me? I need to find my husband. - No. Not now. 202 00:18:06,206 --> 00:18:07,788 - Mikhail! - Lyudmilla. 203 00:18:07,790 --> 00:18:09,454 Take her. 204 00:18:09,456 --> 00:18:11,371 Take her away from here, please. 205 00:18:11,373 --> 00:18:14,079 - Get away from them! You want to get sick? Go! - Oh my God. 206 00:18:14,081 --> 00:18:15,496 Please take her, please take her. 207 00:18:15,498 --> 00:18:17,329 Please take her, please. 208 00:18:17,331 --> 00:18:19,788 Please! Please! 209 00:18:19,790 --> 00:18:21,498 Please take her! 210 00:18:26,831 --> 00:18:29,621 Excuse me, I am Vasily Ignatenko's wife. 211 00:18:29,623 --> 00:18:32,995 He's a fireman. Ignatenko. 212 00:18:32,997 --> 00:18:36,579 Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary Fire and Rescue Unit. 213 00:18:36,581 --> 00:18:39,498 I need to find him. Please. 214 00:18:42,623 --> 00:18:44,287 Ignatenko... 215 00:18:44,289 --> 00:18:46,871 He's being transported by helicopter to Moscow. 216 00:18:46,873 --> 00:18:48,746 Hospital number six. 217 00:18:48,748 --> 00:18:50,954 Why, is he all right? Can I see him? 218 00:18:50,956 --> 00:18:52,537 You want to see him? Go to Moscow. 219 00:18:52,539 --> 00:18:54,831 But they're not letting us leave here. 220 00:18:57,357 --> 00:18:59,649 Tell them Major Burov allows it. 221 00:19:01,206 --> 00:19:04,206 - Oh. When are they taking him? - Now. 222 00:19:35,012 --> 00:19:37,054 We're approaching the power plant. 223 00:19:42,922 --> 00:19:44,880 What have they done? 224 00:19:45,956 --> 00:19:47,677 Can you see inside? 225 00:19:47,680 --> 00:19:50,994 I don't have to. Look. 226 00:19:50,997 --> 00:19:52,995 That's graphite on the roof. 227 00:19:52,997 --> 00:19:55,412 The whole building's been blown open. 228 00:19:55,414 --> 00:19:56,746 The core's exposed! 229 00:19:56,748 --> 00:19:58,746 I can't see how you can tell that from here. 230 00:19:58,748 --> 00:19:59,990 Oh, for God's sakes. 231 00:19:59,993 --> 00:20:01,745 Look at that glow! 232 00:20:01,748 --> 00:20:04,349 That's radiation ionizing the air! 233 00:20:04,352 --> 00:20:06,204 Well, if we can't see, we don't know. 234 00:20:06,206 --> 00:20:07,954 Get us directly over the building! 235 00:20:07,956 --> 00:20:09,209 - Boris, if we fly... - Don't you use my name! 236 00:20:09,211 --> 00:20:11,994 ...directly over an open reactor, we'll be dead within a week! 237 00:20:11,997 --> 00:20:13,456 Dead! 238 00:20:14,414 --> 00:20:15,704 Sir? 239 00:20:15,706 --> 00:20:18,790 Get us over that building, or I'll have you shot! 240 00:20:22,456 --> 00:20:24,579 If you fly directly over that core, I promise you, 241 00:20:24,581 --> 00:20:27,331 by tomorrow morning, you'll be begging for that bullet. 242 00:20:46,997 --> 00:20:51,292 _ 243 00:21:15,331 --> 00:21:17,539 Perhaps if you came back another day. 244 00:21:22,539 --> 00:21:24,995 Just wonderful. 245 00:21:24,997 --> 00:21:27,496 Deputy Secretary Garanin. 246 00:21:27,498 --> 00:21:31,746 Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 247 00:21:31,748 --> 00:21:33,162 What a pleasure. 248 00:21:33,164 --> 00:21:36,039 - Let me introduce... - I'm here about Chernobyl. 249 00:21:37,914 --> 00:21:39,412 Such a lovely time. 250 00:21:39,415 --> 00:21:42,873 - Visit again soon. - I will. Thank you. 251 00:21:55,039 --> 00:21:58,079 I must tell you, this is why no one likes scientists. 252 00:21:58,081 --> 00:22:00,913 When we have a disease to cure, where are they? 253 00:22:00,915 --> 00:22:04,474 In a lab, noses in their books, and so Grandma dies. 254 00:22:04,477 --> 00:22:05,850 But when there isn't a problem, 255 00:22:05,853 --> 00:22:07,620 they're everywhere, spreading fear. 256 00:22:07,623 --> 00:22:10,079 - I know about Chernobyl. - Oh? 257 00:22:10,081 --> 00:22:13,037 I know that the core is either partially or completely exposed. 258 00:22:13,039 --> 00:22:15,537 - Whatever that means. - And that if you don't immediately 259 00:22:15,539 --> 00:22:18,371 issue iodine tablets and then evacuate this city, 260 00:22:18,373 --> 00:22:21,079 hundreds of thousands of people are going to get cancer, 261 00:22:21,081 --> 00:22:23,279 and God knows how many more will die. 262 00:22:23,282 --> 00:22:25,056 Yes, very good. 263 00:22:25,059 --> 00:22:27,412 There has been an accident at Chernobyl, 264 00:22:27,414 --> 00:22:29,621 but I've been assured there is no problem. 265 00:22:29,623 --> 00:22:31,621 I'm telling you that there is. 266 00:22:31,623 --> 00:22:33,663 I prefer my opinion to yours. 267 00:22:33,665 --> 00:22:37,037 I'm a nuclear physicist. 268 00:22:37,039 --> 00:22:38,704 Before you were Deputy Secretary, 269 00:22:38,706 --> 00:22:40,373 you worked in a shoe factory. 270 00:22:41,498 --> 00:22:45,081 Yes, I worked in a shoe factory. 271 00:22:45,981 --> 00:22:48,106 And now I'm in charge. 272 00:22:50,414 --> 00:22:53,247 "To the workers of the world." 273 00:23:14,955 --> 00:23:17,578 Stable iodine will keep your thyroid 274 00:23:17,581 --> 00:23:19,956 from absorbing radioactive iodine. 275 00:23:21,122 --> 00:23:23,995 Take one a day for as long as they last. 276 00:23:23,997 --> 00:23:25,788 And go east. 277 00:23:25,790 --> 00:23:28,247 Get as far from Minsk as you can. 278 00:24:01,831 --> 00:24:03,579 It's overkill. 279 00:24:03,581 --> 00:24:05,579 Pikalov's showing off to make us look bad. 280 00:24:05,581 --> 00:24:08,704 It doesn't matter how it looks. 281 00:24:08,706 --> 00:24:11,079 Shcherbina is a pure bureaucrat, 282 00:24:11,081 --> 00:24:13,162 as stupid as he is pigheaded. 283 00:24:13,164 --> 00:24:15,579 We'll tell him the truth in the simplest terms possible. 284 00:24:15,581 --> 00:24:17,289 We'll be fine. 285 00:24:20,831 --> 00:24:22,373 Pikarov! 286 00:24:47,706 --> 00:24:50,663 Comrade Shcherbina, Chief Engineer Fomin, 287 00:24:50,665 --> 00:24:52,704 Colonel General Pikalov, and I 288 00:24:52,706 --> 00:24:54,037 are honored at your arrival. 289 00:24:54,039 --> 00:24:55,371 Deeply, deeply honored. 290 00:24:55,373 --> 00:24:58,412 Naturally, we regret the circumstances of your visit, 291 00:24:58,414 --> 00:25:00,663 but, as you can see, we are making excellent progress 292 00:25:00,665 --> 00:25:02,287 in containing the damage. 293 00:25:02,289 --> 00:25:07,537 We have begun our own inquiry into the cause of the accident, 294 00:25:07,539 --> 00:25:10,621 and I have a list of individuals 295 00:25:10,623 --> 00:25:13,414 who we believe are accountable. 296 00:25:35,162 --> 00:25:37,299 Professor Legasov, I understand 297 00:25:37,302 --> 00:25:39,454 you've been saying dangerous things. 298 00:25:39,456 --> 00:25:41,329 Very dangerous things. 299 00:25:41,331 --> 00:25:43,665 Apparently, our reactor core exploded. 300 00:25:44,331 --> 00:25:48,581 Please, tell me how an RBMK reactor core explodes. 301 00:25:50,456 --> 00:25:52,871 I'm not prepared to explain it at this time. 302 00:25:52,873 --> 00:25:55,829 As I presumed, he has no answer. 303 00:25:55,831 --> 00:25:58,412 It's disgraceful, really. 304 00:25:58,414 --> 00:26:01,915 To spread disinformation at a time like this. 305 00:26:07,956 --> 00:26:10,746 Why did I see graphite on the roof? 306 00:26:10,748 --> 00:26:12,954 Graphite is only found in the core, 307 00:26:12,956 --> 00:26:16,496 where it's used as a neutron flux moderator. 308 00:26:16,498 --> 00:26:17,915 Correct? 309 00:26:18,873 --> 00:26:22,331 Fomin, why did the Deputy Chairman see graphite on the roof? 310 00:26:23,581 --> 00:26:25,373 Well, that... that can't be. 311 00:26:26,247 --> 00:26:28,995 Comrade Shcherbina, my apologies, but graphite... 312 00:26:28,997 --> 00:26:30,287 that's not possible. 313 00:26:30,289 --> 00:26:32,474 Perhaps you saw burnt concrete. 314 00:26:32,477 --> 00:26:34,496 Now there you made a mistake, 315 00:26:34,498 --> 00:26:37,204 because I may not know much about nuclear reactors, 316 00:26:37,206 --> 00:26:38,831 but I know a lot about concrete. 317 00:26:39,665 --> 00:26:42,164 - Comrade, I assure you... - I understand. 318 00:26:42,997 --> 00:26:45,704 You think Legasov is wrong. 319 00:26:45,706 --> 00:26:47,665 How shall we prove it? 320 00:26:48,956 --> 00:26:52,287 Our high-range dosimeter just arrived. 321 00:26:52,289 --> 00:26:55,329 We could cover one of our trucks with lead shielding, 322 00:26:55,331 --> 00:26:57,665 mount the dosimeter on the front. 323 00:27:03,456 --> 00:27:06,746 Have one of your men get as close to the fire as he can. 324 00:27:06,748 --> 00:27:08,496 Give him every bit of protection you have. 325 00:27:08,498 --> 00:27:10,871 But understand that even with lead shielding, 326 00:27:10,873 --> 00:27:12,873 it may not be enough. 327 00:27:14,706 --> 00:27:16,581 Then I'll do it myself. 328 00:27:21,247 --> 00:27:23,206 Good. 329 00:29:20,903 --> 00:29:22,737 He's back. 330 00:29:51,748 --> 00:29:54,037 It's not three roentgen. 331 00:29:54,039 --> 00:29:55,871 It's 15,000. 332 00:29:55,873 --> 00:29:58,621 Comrade Shcherbina... 333 00:29:58,623 --> 00:30:00,162 What does that number mean? 334 00:30:00,164 --> 00:30:02,412 It means the core is open. 335 00:30:02,414 --> 00:30:04,954 It means the fire we're watching with our own eyes 336 00:30:04,956 --> 00:30:06,537 is giving off nearly twice the radiation 337 00:30:06,539 --> 00:30:08,454 released by the bomb in Hiroshima. 338 00:30:08,456 --> 00:30:10,329 And that's every single hour. 339 00:30:10,331 --> 00:30:13,365 Hour after hour, 20 hours since the explosion, 340 00:30:13,368 --> 00:30:15,233 so 40 bombs worth by now. 341 00:30:15,236 --> 00:30:16,651 Forty-eight more tomorrow. 342 00:30:16,654 --> 00:30:19,371 And it will not stop. Not in a week, not in a month. 343 00:30:19,373 --> 00:30:20,954 It will burn and spread its poison 344 00:30:20,956 --> 00:30:23,665 until the entire continent is dead. 345 00:30:26,790 --> 00:30:29,120 Please escort Comrades Bryukhanov and Fomin 346 00:30:29,122 --> 00:30:31,177 to the local party headquarters. 347 00:30:31,180 --> 00:30:33,162 - Thank you for your service. - Comrade... 348 00:30:33,164 --> 00:30:34,539 You're excused. 349 00:30:35,448 --> 00:30:37,240 Dyatlov was in charge. 350 00:30:38,247 --> 00:30:40,204 It was Dyatlov! 351 00:30:40,206 --> 00:30:42,913 - Tell me how to put it out. - We'll use helicopters. 352 00:30:42,915 --> 00:30:45,910 - We'll drop water on it like a forest fire. - No, no. You don't understand. 353 00:30:45,912 --> 00:30:48,120 This isn't a fire. 354 00:30:48,122 --> 00:30:50,229 This is a fissioning reactor core 355 00:30:50,232 --> 00:30:52,412 burning at over 2,000 degrees. 356 00:30:52,414 --> 00:30:54,079 The heat will instantly vaporize the water... 357 00:30:54,081 --> 00:30:57,247 How do we put it out? 358 00:30:58,456 --> 00:31:00,496 You are dealing with something 359 00:31:00,498 --> 00:31:04,956 that has never occurred on this planet before. 360 00:31:06,915 --> 00:31:08,456 Boron. 361 00:31:09,831 --> 00:31:11,913 Boron and sand. 362 00:31:11,915 --> 00:31:14,621 Well, that'll create problems of its own, 363 00:31:14,623 --> 00:31:16,788 but I-I don't see any other way. 364 00:31:16,790 --> 00:31:18,954 Of course, it's going to take thousands of drops, 365 00:31:18,956 --> 00:31:21,621 because you can't fly the helicopters directly over the core, 366 00:31:21,623 --> 00:31:23,079 so most of it is going to miss. 367 00:31:23,081 --> 00:31:25,484 - How much sand and boron? - Well, I can't be... 368 00:31:25,487 --> 00:31:29,287 - For God's sake, roughly! - Five thousand tons. 369 00:31:29,289 --> 00:31:32,245 And obviously, we're going to need to evacuate an enormous area... 370 00:31:32,247 --> 00:31:34,245 Never mind that. Focus on the fire. 371 00:31:34,247 --> 00:31:37,079 I am focusing on the fire. 372 00:31:37,081 --> 00:31:41,287 The wind, it's carrying all that smoke, 373 00:31:41,289 --> 00:31:43,120 all that radiation. 374 00:31:43,122 --> 00:31:46,204 At least evacuate Pripyat. It's three kilometers away. 375 00:31:46,206 --> 00:31:48,204 - That's my decision to make. - Then make it. 376 00:31:48,206 --> 00:31:50,954 - I've been told not to. - Is it or is not... 377 00:31:50,956 --> 00:31:52,829 I'm in charge here! 378 00:31:52,831 --> 00:31:54,579 This will go much easier if you talk to me 379 00:31:54,581 --> 00:31:55,913 about the things you do understand 380 00:31:55,915 --> 00:31:58,665 and not about the things you do not understand. 381 00:32:02,414 --> 00:32:03,995 Where are you going? 382 00:32:03,997 --> 00:32:07,831 I'm going to get you 5,000 tons of sand and boron. 383 00:32:15,706 --> 00:32:17,831 There's a hotel. 384 00:33:13,623 --> 00:33:15,706 I'd prefer one of those. 385 00:33:23,748 --> 00:33:25,581 Superstitious? 386 00:33:34,414 --> 00:33:36,247 Moscow? 387 00:33:39,706 --> 00:33:42,081 Are you here because of the fire? 388 00:33:46,373 --> 00:33:48,915 Anything we should be worried about? 389 00:33:54,373 --> 00:33:55,956 No. 390 00:34:06,456 --> 00:34:07,956 Ah. 391 00:34:54,093 --> 00:35:00,370 _ 392 00:35:00,373 --> 00:35:03,039 We're in position. Approaching drop. 393 00:35:04,164 --> 00:35:06,289 Clear to proceed. 394 00:35:07,665 --> 00:35:10,873 Copy. We'll go one by one in rotation. 395 00:35:16,039 --> 00:35:18,164 Remind them about the perimeter. 396 00:35:21,665 --> 00:35:23,913 They cannot fly directly over the fire. 397 00:35:23,915 --> 00:35:26,204 A minimum of a ten-meter perimeter. 398 00:35:26,206 --> 00:35:27,704 Ten meter perimeter. Copy. 399 00:35:27,706 --> 00:35:29,329 Lead One, per pre-flight: 400 00:35:29,331 --> 00:35:32,120 maintain minimum ten-meter perimeter. 401 00:35:32,122 --> 00:35:33,287 Copy that. 402 00:35:33,289 --> 00:35:36,037 Forty meters... 35... 403 00:35:36,039 --> 00:35:37,371 30... 404 00:35:40,915 --> 00:35:43,204 No, no, no! They're too close! 405 00:35:43,206 --> 00:35:45,237 They can't get over the fire. How are they supposed... 406 00:35:45,239 --> 00:35:47,037 The wind will have to carry it. 407 00:35:47,039 --> 00:35:49,915 Tell them, they cannot go over the core. 408 00:35:52,331 --> 00:35:53,663 Lead One is too close. 409 00:35:53,665 --> 00:35:55,539 I repeat, they are too close. 410 00:35:56,206 --> 00:35:58,120 Copy. 411 00:35:58,122 --> 00:36:01,037 Lead One, you are inside the perimeter. 412 00:36:01,039 --> 00:36:04,245 Did not copy. Signal's breaking up. 413 00:36:06,665 --> 00:36:09,162 Lead One? 414 00:36:09,164 --> 00:36:10,829 Do you copy? 415 00:36:10,831 --> 00:36:12,829 Lead One, do you copy? 416 00:36:12,831 --> 00:36:15,037 Lead One, come in. 417 00:36:15,039 --> 00:36:16,913 Do you copy, Lead One? 418 00:36:16,915 --> 00:36:18,623 Lead One! 419 00:36:36,456 --> 00:36:39,122 Sir? What do I tell the others? 420 00:36:41,456 --> 00:36:43,412 Is there any other way, Legasov? 421 00:36:51,956 --> 00:36:53,831 Send the next one in. 422 00:36:55,247 --> 00:36:57,289 Tell them to approach from the west. 423 00:36:58,373 --> 00:37:01,498 Lead Two, approach from the west. 424 00:37:16,777 --> 00:37:22,286 _ 425 00:37:22,289 --> 00:37:24,995 Kurchatov Institute Laboratory Four. 426 00:37:24,997 --> 00:37:29,456 Marina Gruzinskaya, it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk. 427 00:37:31,665 --> 00:37:34,329 Oh, yes, how nice of you to phone. 428 00:37:34,331 --> 00:37:36,329 - It's been too long. - It has. 429 00:37:36,331 --> 00:37:38,995 I was actually calling about our friend. 430 00:37:38,997 --> 00:37:41,329 - You know, the one in the country. - Oh, yes, of course. 431 00:37:41,331 --> 00:37:45,162 I wanted to see how he's doing. It's so hot there right now. 432 00:37:45,164 --> 00:37:47,663 Yes, it's extremely hot, 433 00:37:47,665 --> 00:37:49,079 but his nephews are flying down, 434 00:37:49,081 --> 00:37:51,162 and they always bring cool weather. 435 00:37:51,164 --> 00:37:52,790 Oh? Which nephews? 436 00:37:53,539 --> 00:37:57,663 Simka, who's 14, and little Boris, who's five. 437 00:37:57,665 --> 00:37:58,954 Well, that's wonderful. 438 00:37:58,956 --> 00:38:00,829 Though children can make you even hotter 439 00:38:00,831 --> 00:38:02,663 when they're crawling all over you. 440 00:38:02,665 --> 00:38:04,162 Maybe I should visit them. 441 00:38:04,164 --> 00:38:06,037 No, they don't want visitors. 442 00:38:06,039 --> 00:38:08,412 I'm sorry, um, I have to get back to work. 443 00:38:08,414 --> 00:38:10,831 It's very busy right now. Goodbye. 444 00:38:13,665 --> 00:38:16,206 They're dropping sand and boron on the fire. 445 00:38:17,206 --> 00:38:18,748 It's what I would do. 446 00:38:20,539 --> 00:38:22,247 Yes, I'm sure it is. 447 00:38:44,539 --> 00:38:46,206 Where are you going? 448 00:38:47,247 --> 00:38:48,706 Chernobyl. 449 00:38:56,247 --> 00:38:59,120 It's been smooth. Twenty drops. 450 00:39:05,081 --> 00:39:06,539 What? 451 00:39:09,373 --> 00:39:12,496 There are 50,000 people in this city. 452 00:39:12,498 --> 00:39:17,204 Professor Ilyin, who's also on the commission, 453 00:39:17,206 --> 00:39:20,162 says the radiation isn't high enough to evacuate. 454 00:39:20,164 --> 00:39:21,913 Ilyin isn't a physicist. 455 00:39:21,915 --> 00:39:24,995 Well, he's a medical doctor. If he says it's safe, it's safe. 456 00:39:24,997 --> 00:39:27,537 - Not if they stay here. - We're staying here. 457 00:39:27,539 --> 00:39:32,037 Yes, we are, and we'll be dead in five years. 458 00:39:39,915 --> 00:39:42,454 I'm sorry, I... 459 00:39:42,456 --> 00:39:43,997 I'm sorry. 460 00:40:22,299 --> 00:40:23,706 Shcherbina. 461 00:40:35,164 --> 00:40:36,498 Thank you. 462 00:40:42,664 --> 00:40:46,620 A nuclear plant in Sweden has detected radiation 463 00:40:46,623 --> 00:40:49,706 and identified it as a byproduct of our fuel. 464 00:40:50,831 --> 00:40:53,498 The Americans took satellite photos. 465 00:40:54,456 --> 00:40:57,829 The reactor building, the smoke, the fire. 466 00:41:00,456 --> 00:41:02,373 The whole world knows. 467 00:41:08,956 --> 00:41:11,539 The wind has been blowing toward Germany. 468 00:41:12,956 --> 00:41:15,539 They're not letting children play outside... 469 00:41:17,414 --> 00:41:18,997 in Frankfurt. 470 00:41:30,623 --> 00:41:32,498 Want a smoke? 471 00:41:47,693 --> 00:41:50,579 There has been a nuclear accident in the Soviet Union 472 00:41:50,581 --> 00:41:52,412 and the Soviets have admitted that it happened. 473 00:41:52,414 --> 00:41:54,037 The Soviet version is this: 474 00:41:54,039 --> 00:41:55,537 One of the atomic reactors 475 00:41:55,539 --> 00:41:58,204 at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant near the city of Kiev 476 00:41:58,206 --> 00:42:00,871 was damaged, and there is speculation in Moscow 477 00:42:00,873 --> 00:42:03,162 that people were injured and may have died. 478 00:42:03,164 --> 00:42:06,371 The Soviets may have been fairly quick to acknowledge the accident... 479 00:42:06,373 --> 00:42:09,746 - _ - because evidence in the form of mild nuclear radiation 480 00:42:09,748 --> 00:42:13,790 had already reached beyond the Soviet borders to Scandinavia. 481 00:42:47,014 --> 00:42:49,209 Attention, attention... 482 00:42:49,498 --> 00:42:51,685 Attention, attention... 483 00:42:52,240 --> 00:42:54,803 Attention, attention... 484 00:42:55,248 --> 00:42:57,232 Dear comrades, 485 00:42:58,045 --> 00:43:01,303 the City Counsel of city's deputies 486 00:43:01,600 --> 00:43:04,725 informs that due to an accident 487 00:43:05,264 --> 00:43:08,647 at Chernobyl nuclear power plant 488 00:43:09,000 --> 00:43:10,203 in the city of Pripyat 489 00:43:10,375 --> 00:43:16,664 an adverse radiation conditions evolve. 490 00:43:17,023 --> 00:43:22,015 By the Party and Soviet bodies, by police units 491 00:43:22,554 --> 00:43:25,913 necessary measures are being taken. 492 00:43:26,359 --> 00:43:27,125 However, 493 00:43:27,797 --> 00:43:32,555 in order to provide a complete safety for people, 494 00:43:32,867 --> 00:43:35,351 especially for children, 495 00:43:35,719 --> 00:43:38,016 is necessary 496 00:43:38,453 --> 00:43:43,187 to evacuate city residents 497 00:43:43,523 --> 00:43:47,562 to evacuation points in Kiev oblast. 498 00:43:47,976 --> 00:43:49,096 In order to do this, 499 00:43:49,117 --> 00:43:54,687 to each apartment house, today, April 27, 500 00:43:55,078 --> 00:43:59,406 starting at 2 p.m., 501 00:43:59,641 --> 00:44:04,063 starting at 2 p.m., 502 00:44:04,368 --> 00:44:06,493 buses will be provided 503 00:44:06,891 --> 00:44:10,243 escorted by militia officers 504 00:44:10,244 --> 00:44:13,453 and representatives of Party's city executive committee 505 00:44:13,782 --> 00:44:20,924 It's recommended to take with you: IDs, basic necessities, 506 00:44:21,398 --> 00:44:25,663 and foodstuff for the first time. 507 00:44:27,115 --> 00:44:31,060 By the executives of enterprises and institutions 508 00:44:31,849 --> 00:44:37,224 lists of workers are provided 509 00:44:37,646 --> 00:44:43,435 that stay to ensure normal functioning of the city. 510 00:44:43,951 --> 00:44:47,521 All apartment houses during evacuation 511 00:44:47,522 --> 00:44:51,570 will be guarded by militia officers. 512 00:44:52,077 --> 00:44:56,022 Comrades, while temporarily leaving your houses, 513 00:44:56,358 --> 00:45:00,210 please, don't forget to close windows and turn off all 514 00:45:00,211 --> 00:45:03,014 electrical and gas equipment, 515 00:45:03,149 --> 00:45:06,133 to close taps. 516 00:45:06,406 --> 00:45:12,695 Please, remain calm, be organized and mantain order 517 00:45:12,696 --> 00:45:16,742 during temporary evacuation. 518 00:45:17,219 --> 00:45:19,313 Attention, attention... 519 00:45:19,907 --> 00:45:22,040 Attention, attention... 520 00:45:22,938 --> 00:45:25,446 Attention, attention... 521 00:45:26,217 --> 00:45:28,272 Attention, attention... 522 00:45:29,772 --> 00:45:31,514 Dear comrades, 523 00:45:32,835 --> 00:45:36,663 the City Counsel of people's deputies 524 00:45:36,812 --> 00:45:40,140 informs that due to an accident 525 00:45:40,351 --> 00:45:43,773 at Chernobyl nuclear power plant 526 00:45:44,554 --> 00:45:46,882 in the city of Pripyat, 527 00:45:46,921 --> 00:45:53,742 an adverse radiation conditions evolve. 528 00:45:54,265 --> 00:45:57,812 By the Party and Soviet bodies... 529 00:46:28,414 --> 00:46:30,913 I said turn around. This is a restricted zone. 530 00:46:30,915 --> 00:46:33,713 I'm from the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 531 00:46:33,716 --> 00:46:35,371 Do you have permission? 532 00:46:35,373 --> 00:46:37,704 Listen to me, I need to speak to someone urgently. 533 00:46:37,706 --> 00:46:40,162 Turn around right now, or I'll arrest you. 534 00:46:40,164 --> 00:46:41,995 If you arrest me, you should take me 535 00:46:41,997 --> 00:46:44,206 to the highest possible authority. 536 00:46:48,706 --> 00:46:51,329 We have to start a radiological survey. 537 00:46:51,331 --> 00:46:55,539 Sector by sector, on foot, dosimeters in hand. 538 00:46:57,164 --> 00:46:58,915 Are you all right? 539 00:47:01,539 --> 00:47:02,873 Of course. 540 00:47:04,081 --> 00:47:05,496 Comrades... 541 00:47:05,498 --> 00:47:08,204 The guards arrested this woman at the south checkpoint. 542 00:47:08,206 --> 00:47:10,112 I'd have put her in a cell... 543 00:47:10,113 --> 00:47:12,537 But he thought you should know that I know. 544 00:47:12,539 --> 00:47:14,617 I know that your reactor core is exposed. 545 00:47:14,620 --> 00:47:17,412 I know the graphite is on fire, the fuel is melting, 546 00:47:17,414 --> 00:47:19,412 and you're dropping sand and boron on it, 547 00:47:19,414 --> 00:47:22,746 which you probably thought was smart, but you've made a mistake. 548 00:47:22,748 --> 00:47:25,913 Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk, Chief Physicist, 549 00:47:25,915 --> 00:47:28,287 Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 550 00:47:28,289 --> 00:47:31,621 And you are Valery Alexeyevich Legasov? 551 00:47:31,623 --> 00:47:34,245 Smothering the core will put the fire out, 552 00:47:34,247 --> 00:47:37,120 but the temperature will eventually increase... 553 00:47:37,122 --> 00:47:38,746 Believe me, I'm perfectly aware. 554 00:47:38,748 --> 00:47:40,871 But I estimate at least a month 555 00:47:40,873 --> 00:47:42,871 before it melts through the lower concrete pad, 556 00:47:42,873 --> 00:47:44,871 - which gives us time... - No, you don't have a month. 557 00:47:44,873 --> 00:47:46,581 You have approximately two days. 558 00:47:47,498 --> 00:47:50,788 Yes, the fuel would take a month 559 00:47:50,790 --> 00:47:52,913 to reach the concrete pad here. 560 00:47:52,915 --> 00:47:56,496 But first... it's going to burn through 561 00:47:56,498 --> 00:47:58,954 the biological shield here by Tuesday. 562 00:47:58,956 --> 00:48:02,037 And when it does, it's going to hit these tanks... 563 00:48:02,039 --> 00:48:03,412 bubbler pools, reservoirs... 564 00:48:03,414 --> 00:48:06,663 Reservoirs for the ECS. I understand your concern, 565 00:48:06,665 --> 00:48:08,663 but I confirmed it with plant personnel. 566 00:48:08,665 --> 00:48:12,329 - The tanks are nearly empty. - No, they were nearly empty. 567 00:48:12,331 --> 00:48:15,871 Each of these points here, here, and here 568 00:48:15,873 --> 00:48:17,954 all drain to the bubbler pools. 569 00:48:17,956 --> 00:48:20,579 I'm guessing that every pipe in the building ruptured. 570 00:48:20,581 --> 00:48:23,621 And then there are those fire engines that I saw on the way in. 571 00:48:23,623 --> 00:48:25,829 The fire hoses are still connected. 572 00:48:25,831 --> 00:48:28,954 They've been gushing water into the structure this whole time. 573 00:48:28,956 --> 00:48:30,915 The tanks are full. 574 00:48:32,915 --> 00:48:35,456 The tanks are full. 575 00:48:38,247 --> 00:48:40,981 _ 576 00:48:40,984 --> 00:48:45,595 _ 577 00:48:45,598 --> 00:48:48,879 _ 578 00:48:48,882 --> 00:48:52,629 _ 579 00:48:52,632 --> 00:48:55,340 _ 580 00:48:55,343 --> 00:48:58,102 _ 581 00:49:14,456 --> 00:49:18,829 I have ten minutes, then I'm back on the phone 582 00:49:18,831 --> 00:49:21,829 apologizing to our friends, 583 00:49:21,831 --> 00:49:25,079 apologizing to our enemies. 584 00:49:25,081 --> 00:49:28,496 Our power comes from the perception of our power. 585 00:49:28,498 --> 00:49:32,204 Do you understand the damage this has done? 586 00:49:32,206 --> 00:49:35,414 Do you understand what's at stake? 587 00:49:37,039 --> 00:49:38,373 Boris. 588 00:49:40,456 --> 00:49:44,873 Professor Legasov will deliver our briefing. 589 00:49:46,539 --> 00:49:48,120 There is some good news. 590 00:49:48,122 --> 00:49:50,871 The air drops are working to douse the fire. 591 00:49:50,873 --> 00:49:54,704 There's been a reduction in radionuclide emissions, 592 00:49:54,706 --> 00:49:56,621 but the fire will not be extinguished 593 00:49:56,623 --> 00:49:59,498 for at least another two weeks. 594 00:50:01,414 --> 00:50:04,414 There is also an additional problem. 595 00:50:05,956 --> 00:50:07,788 Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold 596 00:50:07,790 --> 00:50:10,537 simply because it is not on fire. 597 00:50:10,539 --> 00:50:12,245 In fact, the temperature will likely rise 598 00:50:12,247 --> 00:50:15,037 as a result of the blanket of sand we've dropped. 599 00:50:15,039 --> 00:50:17,913 The uranium will melt the sand, 600 00:50:17,915 --> 00:50:19,704 creating a kind of lava 601 00:50:19,706 --> 00:50:23,079 which will begin to melt down through the shield below. 602 00:50:23,081 --> 00:50:24,623 You have made lava? 603 00:50:27,289 --> 00:50:29,414 I anticipated this. 604 00:50:30,915 --> 00:50:33,287 I believed there was time to reinforce 605 00:50:33,289 --> 00:50:35,412 this lower concrete pad 606 00:50:35,414 --> 00:50:36,954 before the lava reached the earth 607 00:50:36,956 --> 00:50:38,579 and contaminated the groundwater. 608 00:50:38,581 --> 00:50:41,746 But as it turned out, I was worried about the wrong thing. 609 00:50:41,748 --> 00:50:43,704 Uh, um... 610 00:50:43,706 --> 00:50:47,371 It was my understanding that these large water tanks 611 00:50:47,373 --> 00:50:50,037 under the reactor were essentially empty. 612 00:50:50,039 --> 00:50:53,204 This is Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute. 613 00:50:53,206 --> 00:50:55,579 Thanks to her insight, we are now aware 614 00:50:55,581 --> 00:50:58,954 that the tanks are, in fact, full. 615 00:50:58,956 --> 00:51:02,831 Of water. Why is that a problem, professor? 616 00:51:07,122 --> 00:51:08,871 When the lava enters these tanks, 617 00:51:08,873 --> 00:51:11,601 it will instantly superheat and vaporize 618 00:51:11,604 --> 00:51:15,037 approximately 7,000 cubic meters of water, 619 00:51:15,039 --> 00:51:18,621 causing a significant thermal explosion. 620 00:51:18,623 --> 00:51:20,663 How significant? 621 00:51:20,665 --> 00:51:24,621 We estimate between two and four megatons. 622 00:51:24,623 --> 00:51:27,995 Everything within a 30-kilometer radius 623 00:51:27,997 --> 00:51:29,746 will be completely destroyed, 624 00:51:29,748 --> 00:51:33,162 including the three remaining reactors at Chernobyl. 625 00:51:33,164 --> 00:51:36,746 The entirety of the radioactive material in all of the cores 626 00:51:36,748 --> 00:51:39,913 will be ejected at force 627 00:51:39,915 --> 00:51:43,037 and dispersed by a massive shock wave, 628 00:51:43,039 --> 00:51:48,329 which will extend approximately 200 kilometers 629 00:51:48,331 --> 00:51:51,704 and likely be fatal to the entire population of Kiev 630 00:51:51,706 --> 00:51:53,829 as well as a portion of Minsk. 631 00:51:53,831 --> 00:51:56,829 The release of radiation will be severe 632 00:51:56,831 --> 00:52:00,162 and will impact all of Soviet Ukraine, 633 00:52:00,164 --> 00:52:03,871 Latvia, Lithuania, Byelorussia, 634 00:52:03,873 --> 00:52:07,204 as well as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 635 00:52:07,206 --> 00:52:09,873 Romania, and most of East Germany. 636 00:52:13,539 --> 00:52:16,414 What do you mean "impact"? 637 00:52:17,206 --> 00:52:19,829 For much of the area, a nearly permanent disruption 638 00:52:19,831 --> 00:52:22,454 of the food and water supply, 639 00:52:22,456 --> 00:52:25,537 a steep increase in the rates of cancer and birth defects. 640 00:52:25,539 --> 00:52:29,079 I don't know how many deaths there will be, but many. 641 00:52:29,081 --> 00:52:31,037 For Byelorussia and the Ukraine, 642 00:52:31,039 --> 00:52:33,454 "impact" means completely uninhabitable 643 00:52:33,456 --> 00:52:36,873 for a minimum of 100 years. 644 00:52:40,706 --> 00:52:44,204 There are more than 50 million people 645 00:52:44,206 --> 00:52:47,037 living in Byelorussia and Ukraine. 646 00:52:47,039 --> 00:52:48,873 Sixty, yes. 647 00:52:53,247 --> 00:52:55,079 And how long before this happens? 648 00:52:55,081 --> 00:52:58,956 Approximately 48 to 72 hours. 649 00:53:02,414 --> 00:53:04,913 But we may have a solution. 650 00:53:04,915 --> 00:53:06,788 We can pump the water from the tanks. 651 00:53:06,790 --> 00:53:10,287 Unfortunately, the tanks are sealed shut by a sluice gate, 652 00:53:10,289 --> 00:53:12,496 and the gate can only be opened manually 653 00:53:12,498 --> 00:53:14,120 from within the duct system itself. 654 00:53:14,122 --> 00:53:17,371 So we need to find three plant workers 655 00:53:17,373 --> 00:53:19,037 who know the facility well enough 656 00:53:19,039 --> 00:53:20,746 to enter the basement here, 657 00:53:20,748 --> 00:53:25,079 find their way through all these duct ways, 658 00:53:25,081 --> 00:53:27,245 get to the sluice gate valve here, 659 00:53:27,247 --> 00:53:31,788 and give us the access we need to pump out the tanks. 660 00:53:31,790 --> 00:53:34,621 Of course, we will need your permission. 661 00:53:34,623 --> 00:53:36,746 My permission for what? 662 00:53:36,748 --> 00:53:39,287 Uh, the water in these ducts, 663 00:53:39,289 --> 00:53:42,204 the level of radioactive contamination... 664 00:53:42,206 --> 00:53:44,623 They'll likely be dead in a week. 665 00:53:46,373 --> 00:53:50,122 We're asking for your permission to kill three men. 666 00:53:58,289 --> 00:53:59,746 Well... 667 00:53:59,748 --> 00:54:02,412 Comrade Legasov... 668 00:54:02,414 --> 00:54:06,164 all victories inevitably come at a cost. 669 00:54:42,489 --> 00:54:43,609 _ 670 00:55:31,289 --> 00:55:35,204 And open the sluice gate valve... here. 671 00:55:35,206 --> 00:55:37,287 The valve will be difficult to operate, 672 00:55:37,289 --> 00:55:39,204 so we'll need three men 673 00:55:39,206 --> 00:55:42,829 who will need to know the basement layout. 674 00:55:42,831 --> 00:55:46,871 And, of course, any volunteers will be rewarded. 675 00:55:46,873 --> 00:55:51,289 A yearly stipend of 400 rubles. 676 00:55:57,373 --> 00:56:02,412 And, uh, for those of you working in reactors one and two, promotions. 677 00:56:02,414 --> 00:56:06,245 Why are reactors one and two still operating at all? 678 00:56:06,247 --> 00:56:08,412 My friend was a security guard that night, 679 00:56:08,414 --> 00:56:10,079 and, uh, she's now dying. 680 00:56:10,081 --> 00:56:12,788 And we've all heard about the firemen. 681 00:56:12,790 --> 00:56:16,790 And now you want us to swim underneath a burning reactor? 682 00:56:17,581 --> 00:56:19,788 Do you even know how contaminated it is? 683 00:56:21,790 --> 00:56:23,746 I... I don't have an exact number. 684 00:56:23,748 --> 00:56:26,623 You don't need an exact number to know if it'll kill us. 685 00:56:26,626 --> 00:56:28,543 But you can't even tell us that. 686 00:56:30,456 --> 00:56:32,954 Why should we do this? For what, 400 rubles? 687 00:56:36,414 --> 00:56:39,164 You'll do it because it must be done. 688 00:56:43,748 --> 00:56:47,122 You'll do it because nobody else can. 689 00:56:49,456 --> 00:56:53,122 And if you don't, millions will die. 690 00:56:54,289 --> 00:56:57,247 If you tell me that's not enough, I won't believe you. 691 00:56:58,456 --> 00:57:02,621 This is what has always set our people apart. 692 00:57:02,623 --> 00:57:05,831 A thousand years of sacrifice in our veins. 693 00:57:06,665 --> 00:57:09,456 And every generation must know its own suffering. 694 00:57:10,498 --> 00:57:13,329 I spit on the people who did this, 695 00:57:13,331 --> 00:57:15,956 and I curse the price I have to pay. 696 00:57:18,081 --> 00:57:20,579 But I'm making my peace with it, 697 00:57:20,581 --> 00:57:22,412 and now you make yours. 698 00:57:22,414 --> 00:57:25,164 And go into that water. 699 00:57:27,247 --> 00:57:28,995 Because it must be done. 700 00:57:46,164 --> 00:57:47,706 Ananenko. 701 00:57:52,039 --> 00:57:53,539 Bezpalov. 702 00:57:58,706 --> 00:58:00,539 Baranov. 703 01:03:12,085 --> 01:03:18,420 - Synced and corrected by VitoSilans - ... www.Addic7ed.com ...